Carved into the rolling, wooded hills of upstate New York's Finger Lakes region, Watkins Glen International is one of North America's most revered and historic road courses. Located near the village of Watkins Glen, New York, the 3.45-mile (5.55 km), 11-turn circuit has been a cornerstone of American and international motorsport since its permanent facility opened in 1956. Its high-speed, flowing layout and dramatic elevation changes make it a profound test of driver commitment, earning it the beloved nickname "The Glen."
"The Glen" is legendary for its raw speed and unforgiving "old-school" character. The circuit is famously defined by its signature blue Armco barriers, which line the track and leave no room for error, demanding absolute precision. The lap is a thrilling journey that begins with the fast, downhill approach to "Turn 1," before climbing rapidly into the circuit's signature sequence: the "Esses." This breathtaking, high-commitment, right-left-right combination tests a driver's bravery and sets the rhythm for the entire lap.
Following the climb, the track plunges downhill through "the Chute" (T5) and into the famous "Boot" section, a technical loop added in 1971 that includes the high-G "Outer Loop" (T6) and the heavy braking zone for the "Heel" (T9). The track's classic feel was preserved during a 2015 repave, which replaced the abrasive, older asphalt to provide immense mechanical grip and even faster, more confidence-inspiring racing.
Success at Watkins Glen requires a car setup that inspires confidence, balancing high-speed aerodynamic stability with strong mechanical grip. The track is all about rhythm and bravery; finding the flow, maintaining momentum, and demonstrating pure driver confidence is critical to a fast lap, cementing its reputation as a true driver's track and a pinnacle of North American road racing.
Watkins Glen International Raceway (1982–2005)
Watkins Glen Grand Prix Circuit (1948-1981)
Location: Dix, New York, USA
Time zone: EST (UTC-5)
FIA Grade: 2
Surface: Asphalt / Concrete
Length: 5.552 km (3.450 miles)
Turns: 11
Grid Size: 60
Downforce Level: Medium/Low
Capacity: 38,900
Owner: NASCAR (1997 - Present)
Opened: 1956
Race lap record:
Time: 1:23.9166
Driver: Sébastien Bourdais, France
Car: Dallara DW12
Date: 2017
Event: IndyCar
Website: theglen.com/
Wiki: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Watkins_Glen_International
Watkins Glen International for GT3 cars requires a medium-low to medium downforce setup. The circuit is a classic compromise, blending extremely high-speed, flowing corners like the "Esses" and the "Outer Loop" with two very long straights that demand low drag. The priority is aerodynamic efficiency and high-speed stability over raw cornering grip. The fast sections require enough downforce for driver confidence, as any instability will be heavily punished, but running too much wing will make the car a sitting duck on the long straights and vulnerable to overtakes, especially into the Bus Stop chicane and Turn 1.
The foundation of a fast Watkins Glen setup is a stiff and stable platform that gives the driver maximum confidence in the high-speed sections. The 2015 repave provides immense mechanical grip, so the setup can be very aggressive. The car must be predictable and responsive through the Esses, as any nervousness or snap-oversteer will be heavily punished by the close Armco barriers. The primary goal is to minimize pitch and roll to maintain a consistent aero platform, allowing the driver to commit to the throttle.
Rear Wing: For most GT3 cars, a good starting point is in the lower-middle of the range. On a car with 12 wing settings, test between 3 and 6. This provides the necessary stability for the Esses and Outer Loop without sacrificing critical speed on the long straights.
Front Aero (Splitter/Canards): Balance the rear wing to prevent high-speed understeer. The front end needs to be sharp enough for the rapid direction changes in the Esses and the Bus Stop, but not so aggressive that it feels "darty" or unstable.
Ride Height: Run the car as low as possible. The track surface is exceptionally smooth, and there are no aggressive curbs that require a high ride height. A low, slightly raked setup will maximize aerodynamic efficiency and lower the center of gravity.
Suspension: Run the suspension relatively stiff. A stiff setup minimizes pitch, roll, and dive, keeping the aero platform stable and consistent through the high-speed corners. You do not need the soft compliance of a bumpier circuit; prioritize responsiveness and stability.
Additional Note: Confidence is lap time. The setup's main job is to inspire the driver to attack the high-speed sections. Any hesitation in the Esses or Outer Loop will lose significant time, so a predictable, stable car is faster than one that is "on the knife-edge."
GT3 Record
1:44.203
Alien
100%: 1:44.244
Competetive
101%: 1:45.286
102%: 1:46.328
Top Split
103%: 1:47.371
104%: 1:48.413
Midpack
105%: 1:49.455
106%: 1:50.498
Backmarker
107%: 1:51.540
108%: 1:52.582
Lap Time: 1:44.203
Driver: Daniel Serra
Car: Ferrari 296 GT3
Team: Risi Competizione
Event: 2024 Sahlen's Six Hours of The Glen
Turn 1 (The 90) is a deceptively difficult and incredibly important corner. It's a fast, downhill 90-degree right-hander. The downhill braking zone makes the car light, and a clean, fast exit is critical for setting up your rhythm and speed through the entire high-speed Esses complex that follows.
Turn 2, the critical, high-speed entry into the famous Esses complex. This fast right-hand corner is immediately followed by Turn 3 and sets the rhythm for the entire uphill sequence. It's taken at near-full throttle and is all about commitment, bravery, and precision.
Turn 3, the second part of the high-speed Esses, a fast, uphill left-hander. This corner is all about a rapid change of direction from Turn 2, maintaining momentum, and being aggressive with the curbs. It's a crucial link that sets up the final part of the complex.
Turn 4, the final, crucial corner of the Esses, an uphill right-hander that opens directly onto the long Back Straight. This corner is all about carrying as much speed as possible through the apex and maximizing your exit, as any speed lost here will be penalized all the way to the next braking zone.
Turn 5, The Inner Loop Entry, is the start of a critical, low-speed complex at the end of the high-speed Back Straight. It's a tight Right-Left chicane that requires heavy, precise braking. Your entire goal here is to get the car through cleanly to set up for Turn 6.
Turn 6, The Inner Loop Exit, is the second part of this complex, an immediate Left-Right chicane. It's a violent, quick change of direction where you are trying to "thread the needle" to get the car perfectly placed for the all-important Turn 7, Outer Loop.
Turn 7, The Outer Loop, is the final and most important corner of this entire sequence. This right-hander is your "money corner." Your exit speed here dictates your speed all the way down the Chute to Turn 8. All the sacrifices in T5 and T6 are to maximize this one exit.
Turn 8, The Chute, is a fast, blind, downhill left-hander that drops you into "The Boot." The corner itself is quick, but the downhill braking zone and the immediate need to prepare for Turn 9 make it a pure setup corner.
Turn 9, The Toe, is the tightest and slowest corner in "The Boot," a 90-degree right-hander at the bottom of the hill. This corner is all about a late apex and a powerful exit, as it leads onto a long, uphill, accelerating run.
Turn 10, The Heel, is a long, uphill right-hand corner that requires a heavy braking zone at the top of the hill. With the long straight from T9, you have ample time to position the car correctly for a clean entry, this is a critical corner that begins the entire final sequence of the lap.
Turn 11 is the first of two critical left-handers and serves as a high-speed "momentum" corner. After sacrificing your exit from Turn 10 to get a good entry, your entire focus here is on maintaining that speed through the apex, as this sets you up for the long run to the Turn 12 braking zone.
Turn 12 is a fast left-hander, but its role is completely different from T11. This corner is a pure setup corner, and you must sacrifice your exit speed to get the car perfectly positioned for the final, all-important Turn 13.
Turn 13 is the final, critical right-hand corner that leads onto the long Pit Straight. Your exit speed here is one of the most important on the entire lap. All the setup and sacrifice from T12 pays off here.